Fiscal Measurement transfer and custody (lact units)
Gas Fiscal Measurement:
Fiscal metering is a metering system used in the commercial environment, similar in principle to the gas meter that might be found in a home. These systems vary in size and, in some cases, are so large that they can be walked through. Their primary function is to measure the flow of gas at the points of custody transfer, i.e., from the seller to the new owner of the gas.
In practical terms, fiscal metering acts like a cash register, recording the amount of gas being transferred to ensure that the transaction is fair and in compliance with applicable regulations. Fiscal meters used in the industry are classified as Class One primary elements, according to current regulations.
At XACOBEO C.A. we build systems using meters from our preferred suppliers, although we are open to adapt to the preferences of different customers if required. The types of primary elements we commonly use include:
- Ultrasonic Meters: These meters use sound waves to measure gas flow velocity, providing accurate and non-invasive measurements.
- Turbine Meters: They operate by means of a mechanical turbine that rotates with the gas flow, and its rotation speed is proportional to the volume of gas passing through it.
- Coriolis Meters: Recognized for their accuracy, these meters measure the mass of the gas flow using the Coriolis effect, which is generated by the vibration of the pipe through which the gas passes
LACT units:
A LACT (Lease Automatic Custody Transfer) unit is an integrated system used in the oil industry to automatically measure and record the net volume and quality of liquid hydrocarbons, such as crude oil, that are transferred from one operator to another during a sale and purchase or delivery.
Description and main components:
A typical LACT unit consists of the following main components:
- Flow meters: Generally positive displacement, Coriolis or ultrasonic meters that measure with high precision the volumetric flow rate of the crude oil.
- BS&W Analyzer: Determines the percentage of basic sediments and water present in the crude.
- Air and gas eliminator: Removes air and gas trapped in the fluid prior to measurement to avoid errors.
- Automatic sampling system: Takes representative samples of the crude for quality analysis.
- Valves, piping and flanges: Control and direct the flow of crude oil through the unit.
- Static mixer: Homogenizes the fluid prior to measurement to obtain a representative sample.
- Flow computer: Integrates all signals and performs the necessary calculations to determine the net volume transferred.
- Control panel: Automatically monitors and controls the operation of all components.
The LACT unit is designed to measure and record with high accuracy the volumes transferred, complying with strict oil industry standards and regulations such as API standards.